Introduction to Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the colon or rectum, which are parts of the digestive system. The colon is the large intestine, and the rectum is the passage that connects the colon to the anus. This cancer usually begins as small growths called polyps inside the colon or rectum. Over time, some polyps can turn into cancer. If not found early, colorectal cancer can spread to other parts of the body and become harder to treat.

Causes and Risk Factors

Doctors don’t know exactly what causes colorectal cancer, but certain factors can increase the risk of developing it. These include:

• Age – Most people diagnosed with colorectal cancer are over 50.
• Family history – If close family members have had colorectal cancer, the risk is higher.
• Diet – Eating a lot of red or processed meats and not enough fruits and vegetables can increase risk.
• Lifestyle choices – Lack of exercise, smoking, and alcohol consumption may raise the risk.
• Medical conditions – People with inflammatory bowel diseases, like Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, have a higher chance of getting colorectal cancer.

Diagnosing Colorectal Cancer 

Doctors use several tests to check for colorectal cancer. These include:

• Colonoscopy – A doctor uses a long, flexible tube with a camera to look inside the colon and rectum. If polyps are found, they can be removed before they turn into cancer.
• Stool tests – Some tests look for hidden blood or changes in DNA in a person’s stool.
• Imaging tests – CT scans or MRIs can help doctors see if cancer has spread to other parts of the body. 

Current Treatment Options for Colorectal Cancer 

Treatment depends on the size, location, and stage of the cancer. Common treatments include:

• Surgery – Doctors remove the tumor and possibly nearby tissue if the cancer has spread.
• Chemotherapy – Powerful drugs are used to kill cancer cells or stop them from growing.
• Radiation therapy – High-energy rays target and destroy cancer cells.
• Targeted therapy – Special medicines block cancer cell growth while leaving healthy cells alone.
• Immunotherapy – This treatment helps the immune system fight cancer more effectively. 

Living with Colorectal Cancer 

A colorectal cancer diagnosis can be challenging, but many people continue to live full lives with the right treatment and support. Eating a healthy diet, staying active, and getting regular checkups can help. Support from family, friends, and patient groups can also make a big difference. 

Colorectal Cancer Research and Progress

Scientists are always working on new treatments to make colorectal cancer easier to detect and treat. Takeda is committed to finding better ways to help patients by researching new medicines and therapies that could improve survival and quality of life. 

Your experience with colorectal cancer is valuable.

Sign up for our patient registry to gain more information on Takeda clinical trials aimed at improving colorectal cancer management and discover how you might play a role in advancing colorectal cancer research. Together, we can make a difference.